Frontline Workers

Want to supercharge efforts to improve performance and help reach Kaiser Permanente’s strategic goals? Then bring unit-based team leaders together for a summit.

UBT consultants at several facilities in Southern California have organized summits that focused on Performance Sharing Program (PSP) goals, performance improvement strategies and affordability projects. All say they are seeing results in the forms of more robust UBT projects, clearer SMART goals, and stronger alignment between top medical center leadership and the work of UBTs.

After seeing teams improve service scores, reduce workplace injuries and save more than $160,000 in just four months in the San Diego service area, Sue Smith, a senior UBT consultant, concludes, “The overall experience was wonderful. Many teams had an exciting opportunity to network with other teams and learn new skills in a fun way.”

This spring, San Diego Medical Center hosted a UBT affordability summit, which brought together co-leads for a half-day to build the skills to tackle a new PSP goal for 2014 in the region: to increase the percentage of UBTs that successfully complete a project with hard dollar savings or improved revenue capture. (The projects are reviewed by finance departments to ensure they could lead to cost savings.)

Seated around large tables, UBT co-leads played a spirited game of “KP-opoly,” which offered a crash course in the organization’s finances. They heard from a UBT whose work resulted in cost savings. And they had time to work on driver diagrams and process maps for their own team’s affordability projects.

Co-leads gain PI skills

The year before, San Diego leaders—inspired by an event at the Riverside Medical Center—had held a more general, daylong UBT summit. That event brought UBT co-leads together for intensive training on performance improvement tools and created a space for them to refine their existing projects. Deadlines were set for finalizing driver diagrams and process maps, beginning tests of change and formulating sustainability plans.

The effort culminated in a UBT fair that showcased the projects that had begun as mere inklings at the summit: The ultrasound UBT demonstrated how it had gone injury-free for six months (it had been having at least one injury per month); the diagnostic imaging department boosted patient satisfaction scores from 87 percent in May 2013 to 93 percent in December.  

Leaders at the Woodland Hills Medical Center followed the same playbook, hosting an LMP summit in April that launched an array of of affordability projects to be showcased at a UBT fair scheduled for mid-July.

Mobilizing on PSP

At Fontana and Ontario medical centers, UBT staff used the summit model to mobilize the workforce around all of the region’s PSP goals. Top leaders from both management and the unions kicked off the day, then gave subject matter experts each 10 minutes to discuss the goal (whether it be service, workplace safety, attendance, etc.) and challenge co-leads to take on a performance improvement project to tackle it. A highlight was an impassioned and dramatic account from Roy Wiles, president of Steelworkers Local 7600, about a union member who did such a good job of saving up unused sick time that he recently retired with a five-figure nest egg in his Health Reimbursement Account.

The key to attracting co-leads to the summits, the consultants say, is to plan well in advance and to enlist top leadership to encourage participation. That lets managers and employees make plans for attending while ensuring their departments’ operational needs are met.

“This is part of their work,” says Priscilla Kania, senior UBT consultant at Ontario. “Your leaders are inviting you. People are excited to be in the room with top leaders.”

As more and more unit-based teams answer the call to improve affordability for health plan members, they are finding new tools that can help manage their cost-improvement projects.

One such tool, a handy spreadsheet, can help teams track and report their cost savings.

Teams track own savings

Developed by UBT consultants and financial analysts in Colorado and later adopted by UBTs in the Northwest, the tool can help teams determine the economic benefits of a performance improvement project with little or no assistance from a consultant or sponsor.

“It’s a great add-on to teams’ reporting in UBT Tracker,” says Luanne Petricich, chief pharmacist, Pharmacy Professional Affairs, in Colorado and a sponsor of 12 UBTs in the region. “It can be a very impactful way for co-leads to show their teams and others what their savings were and how they achieved them.”

In addition, teams can now record their financial results directly into UBT Tracker thanks to a new data field, Annual ROI, that allows teams to share how much money a project saved or generated. The field can be found under the Project Details tab (see graphic below).

Click to enlarge.

Tool use spreads

Petricich sends the spreadsheet to any of her teams working on a cost-reduction or efficiency project to help them document their results.

One team that used the tool was the pharmacy UBT at Baseline Medical Offices in Boulder. The team had completed an inventory-reduction project that far surpassed its goal—which was to reduce its drug inventory by 10 percent, or $50,000, in three months. By adjusting order quantities to better match usage and returning overstocked medication to the mail order pharmacy for use before the expiration date, the team saved $143,000—nearly three times its original goal.

“It’s important to track your results, and this tool can help teams do that in a simple way,” says Don Larson, Baseline’s pharmacy supervisor. “It’s something we would use the next time we do a similar project.”

For at least one Colorado facility, workplace safety started with awareness. And building awareness was a team effort.

Wheatridge Medical Office, with about 140 employees, had three workplace injuries in the first half of 2013. The Wheatridge Safety team, representing departments across the facility, agreed that was unacceptable. But team members weren’t sure where to start, and the team lacked a management representative, making it hard to find time or resources to implement ideas.

That changed when Jeanne Kraft, RN, nurse manager for Internal Medicine, joined the safety team. The team adopted two ideas that had worked elsewhere. One was to host a safety fair, following a tried-and-true format: People visited several booths where they got information and answers to a quiz on basic safety practices. Everyone who completed the quiz then got a ticket for a barbecue lunch on the patio.

It’s one thing to identify effective practices in an issue as important as workplace safety. It’s another to educate and engage teams in adopting a consistent set of practices across a region.

The Northwest’s Employee Health and Safety Department has done just that—and earned program-wide recognition for its approach.

In November 2012, the department’s Labor Management Partnership Workplace Safety team issued a challenge to the region’s 16 facility safety committees. The committees, established to help identify and resolve safety issues at the facility level, often differed in their approach and results. The safety challenge provided a fun way for the local committees to get to know more employees in their facilities, follow a consistent protocol and improve safety.

Challenging teams to step up

“The Safety Awareness Challenge provides safety committees an opportunity to work together with their labor, management and Permanente partners to effect real change around workplace safety,” says Chris Mozingo, RN, workplace safety labor consultant for the NW Region.

The yearlong campaign challenged each facility to:

• submit monthly or quarterly safety meeting minutes, to help keep their work on track
• have physicians and dentists attend at least 80 percent of their facility’s safety meetings, to ensure widespread participation and leadership (nonclinical departments were asked to send representatives to each meeting)
• promote safety conversations (a blame-free approach for observing work practices) and ensure at least 25 percent of employees are trained to lead such conversations
• adopt and promote safety awareness plans to help teams identify and correct at least three different workplace hazards (for instance, trips and falls or sprains and strains)
• host a safety fair, safety barbeque or other facility event within the year

“The Safety Committee Challenge goes beyond recognizing achievement. It fosters and reinforces the relations between Regional Safety, management and frontline staff,” says Employee Health and Services Safety Specialist II Brian Cekoric.

Getting results, recognition

Nine facilities completed the safety challenge by meeting each of the five established criteria. These efforts helped the Northwest region—already a leader in some key measures of workplace safety—record a 4 percent decrease in injury rates compared with the previous year. Teams that met the challenge will receive additional funding to support safety awareness promotions in their facilities.

For its part, the Northwest Employee Health and Safety team won the 2013 National Workplace Safety Award for its work in engaging frontline teams.

“The simple focus on injury prevention and raising awareness goes a long way to changing the culture of safety,” says Rob Weiking, Employee Heath and Services program manager.

When the internal medicine UBT at the Los Angeles Medical Center decided to focus its efforts on African Americans with hypertension, not all team members initially were comfortable with targeting patients by race for special outreach. “We worried about how patients would react,” says union co-lead Marilyn Lansangan.  

However, when they invited African-American patients to a special clinic, they were thrilled with the results. Not only did patients show up, the team made progress toward its goal of closing the gap between African-American patients with their hypertension under control and those of other races. “The barrier was not the patients. The barrier was us,” says Lansangan.

Closing care gaps

Nationwide, nearly 45 percent of African Americans suffer from high blood pressure—a rate much higher than other racial and ethnic groups. The condition tends to develop earlier in life and is likely to be more severe for them. There is some recent research from the National Institutes of Health that suggests genetics may play a part. Such social and economic factors as discrimination and poverty also may contribute. Whatever the reason, health care organizations—including Kaiser Permanente—are working to reduce the disparity.

When Jose Saavedra, M.D., the physician champion on hypertension at LAMC , heard that colleagues at Downey Medical Center held a special outreach clinic for African-American members with high blood pressure, he encouraged the internal medicine UBT to try it as well.

Targeted outreach

Team members generated a list of their African-American patients with a certain threshold of uncontrolled hypertension. LVNs and social workers called patients every day, inviting them to the special clinic. The success of the outreach calls surprised everyone. “Even when we just left a message, people would come to our clinic,” said Elenita Petrache, assistant administrator and one of the management co-leads.

At the event, clinicians educate patients about hypertension, then take their blood pressure. Depending on the results, patients queue up for a short chat with either a doctor or a nurse, who can adjust their prescription or schedule a more in-depth appointment. Patients who successfully control their blood pressure get a certificate. Everyone gets a swag bag containing an apple, bottle of water, DVD about hypertension, and information about diet and sodium.

Improving teamwork

Gayle McDow, who attended the clinic in late April, says it make sense for KP to reach out to African-American patients. "The numbers suggest that this issue is more prevalent in our community," she says.

The project also built cohesion among UBT members who work on different floors, says Petrache. “It helped two parts of the department develop a better relationship because we have common goal,” she says. “There is communication between the teams. It’s a beautiful thing.”

See your doctor without leaving home? The house call of the future may be via your smartphone.

A visiting home health care nurse may one day live-stream exam information via a wearable device like Google Glass, speeding up the treatment process.

Or maybe you’ll be dropping in for a check-up at the clinic in your local shopping mall.

No one can say for sure which ideas will take hold, how long before those ideas morph again and how jobs will be affected. The good news is, we’ve successfully managed widescale change before.

“Changes in health care mean there will be job losses and job growth,” says Jessica Butz, the Coalition of Kaiser Permanente Unions’ national program coordinator for Workforce Planning and Development. “But in the long run, the new skills needed are good for workers and for our patients and members. We have options and support to make the transition work for us, and we’ll have better, more secure jobs.”

Joyce Lee, a Steelworkers Local 7600 member and a former imaging transcriptionist at Fontana Medical Center in Southern California, can speak to the truth of that. Four years ago, a new voice-to-text technology made her job obsolete. She now works as a phlebotomist, a job she always wanted.

“One of the things I’ve always loved about Kaiser is that you can have many careers here, you can be as good as you can be,” Lee says. “I got great support from my union, my manager and my career counselor.”

In the mid-2000s, thousands of workers across the organization saw their work vanishing as KP HealthConnect® was introduced. Time and again, Labor Management Partnership resources and safeguards not only kept individuals employed, but led to new skills and jobs within Kaiser Permanente that paid as well or better.

As KP implements new care delivery models, having a workforce planning and development program that draws on the input and experience of the workforce will help ensure smoother transitions and keep costs down.

“We want individual workers, teams and the whole organization not merely to survive change, but to thrive on change. We used partnership to do just that with HealthConnect,” says Hal Ruddick, executive director of the union coalition. “We don’t need to reinvent the wheel—we just need to get rolling on joint planning and implementation.”

Early engagement required

What all the new care models will look like is still taking shape. Despite the uncertainties, leaders recognize the need to start thinking now about how changing technology will affect the workforce. It’s becoming clear people will need to be trained for team-based care, to work seamlessly across different care settings and be technologically skilled or able to learn those skills.

“We have an opportunity—both labor and management—to lead on the new care models and to get ahead of those changes and get it right,” says Zeth Ajemian, the director of Workforce Planning and Development for Southern California and Hawaii. “It requires early engagement and flexibility.”

Remembering what we’ve already learned will help. The implementation of both KP HealthConnect and the coding process known as ICD-10 provides valuable case studies.

In 2009, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services announced a big change for health care providers: The International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, known as ICD-9, would be replaced by ICD-10, which contains about 144,000 diagnosis and procedure codes. The changeover, now scheduled for Oct. 1, has meant 166 applications—including billing and claims systems in each region—needed to be upgraded, replaced or retired.

In addition, some 1,400 coders and many others needed retraining. Union coalition members are covered by the Employment and Income Security Agreement, which provides for retraining, redeployment and at least one year’s protection from layoffs due to process improvements or restructuring.

“Our ability to work collaboratively in partnership—and recognize workforce issues as part of our strategy—is huge,” says Laura Long, the director of National Workforce Planning and Development. “We need to look at the impacts on the workforce and the skills sets needed for the future. We can’t just flip a switch.”

Identifying potential problems

So KP and the coalition took a page from the KP HealthConnect playbook, when Kaiser Permanente leadership reached out to the unions.

“We had conversations about why the change was important and what it would look like,” says Marie Hamilton, RN, who was the national labor coordinator for KP HealthConnect implementation and is now the labor partner for OFNHP at Westside Medical Center in the Northwest. “Part of the implementation was making sure people got the skills they needed.”

The process was not pain-free, but by engaging the workforce, she says, “Kaiser got buy-in from the people using the system and identified potential problems early on. It was the most impressive thing I’ve seen in 40 years at Kaiser—a model that demonstrates how working in partnership can effectively manage sustainable change.”

When that engagement is missing, the repercussions can be far-reaching. Last year, for example, a decision to reduce or redeploy nurses in Southern California led to a pull-back in union support for unit-based teams in the region. The dispute was resolved, but it illustrated the risk of going it alone.

“In times of change, it can be tempting for both sides to fall back on old habits and traditional approaches—and we know where that gets you,” says Dennis Dabney, the senior vice president of National Labor Relations and Office of Labor Management Partnership. “The test of any partnership is working your way through tough issues and getting better results. That's what we are committed to do."

The joint approach to ICD-10 has included national “communities of practice”—with representation from frontline workers—to design training and make policy and budgeting decisions. Regular updates keep affected employees informed and let them air concerns.

One very specific payoff to the approach: The labor-management team in Colorado found serious flaws in a claims and billing system being developed by outside vendors. KP switched vendors and avoided a potentially disastrous disruption.