Patient Safety

“The idea came from our manager, when one of our young, alert patients fell and got an injury. We were all upset,” says Jenalyn Andres, RN, one of the union co-leads for her department’s UBT.

That incident spurred nurses on the 4 East-Malama West unit-based team at Moanalua Medical Center in Hawaii to set a goal to cut the number of falls in half within 12 months—from 18 in 2013 to nine or fewer by the end of 2014. The team exceeded its goal and had only six patient falls in 2014.

Steps to success

Team members adopted the No One Walks Alone falls prevention program, pioneered at the San Diego Medical Center, to help them reach their goal. The team set up a standard process to ensure success. Some of the elements of the plan included:

• checking that all bed alarms are on at the start of shift and during the shift
• having alarm pads for chairs readily available in rooms, ready for patients who get out of bed and into a chair
• placing nonskid socks on patients’ feet
• positioning call lights within reach
• using walkers to help patients become mobile

Andres, a member of Hawaii Nurses Association, OPEIU Local 50, says the team educated patients and families by sharing literature with them that included tips on preventing falls and information about the No One Walks Alone protocol. The protocol starts with the assumption that all patients are fall risks, instead of nurses trying to identify which patients are at risk. Patients are accompanied every time they get up, especially to and from the bathroom, which is when most falls occur.

Troubleshooting “hot spots”

As part of the team’s process improvement, it identified “hot spots”—things that could happen that could prevent success. For example, the team quickly discovered that it had different types of patient beds on the unit, with different bed alarms. Some of those alarms weren’t wired into the nurse call system, so staff members had to follow the sound of the alarm to figure out which patient needed assistance—which meant it took longer to get to the patient.

The UBT worked to get the issue fixed, and as a result, “a project was opened with facility maintenance and beds have been switched to a universal cord, which resolves the problem,” says Manlee Velasco, the unit’s manager and management co-lead. “In the few cases where the cord wasn’t compatible, new beds have been ordered.”

The team has had five falls so far this year, which came before the cord issue was resolved. 

Spreading a successful practice

The overall success of the prototcol has been noticed by other teams and “all of the inpatient units at the Moanalua Medical Center are now using the program," says Kim Lu, RN, the 4-East unit’s other UBT union co-lead and also a Hawaii Nurses Association member. 

The practice is a great example of spread for another reason: The “No One Walks Alone” slogan and program was created by a San Diego Medical Center UBT in Southern California that was involved in a Joint Commission pilot in 2012.

Although Rahul Nayak, MD, calls himself “fundamentally lazy,” it might be more accurate to call him lazy like a fox. Instead of starting from scratch to create Georgia’s centralized Outpatient Safety Net Program, his team started with a recipe provided by Southern California.

“Someone has already done something that works. Why not start there?” says Dr. Nayak, who was physician program director of patient safety for Georgia when the program launched.

Dr. Nayak’s outlook serves as the guiding force behind spread—the art of adopting a practice, workflow or project from another team, medical center or even an entire region. The benefits? As the Georgia team learned, new initiatives often get off the ground faster if they’re modeled on an already proven concept. The Southern California safety net system had already won a 2012 David M. Lawrence Patient Safety Award for its work.

“The foundation was laid,” says safety net team member Eula Maddox, LPN, a member of UFCW Local 1996. Maddox makes up to 60 calls a day, phoning members who have had abnormal lab results and scheduling follow-up appointments. “These calls reduce stress for patients and costs for Kaiser Permanente,” she says. But, she notes, the team had to adapt the program for it to work well for Georgia members, including changing the hours that calls were made.

For its work, the team won the 2014 David M. Lawrence Patient Safety Award in the transfer category—an award for a region that successfully implements a project from an earlier award winner. The award recognizes the importance of spreading best practices, which ensures that members receive the same high level of care regardless of which medical center they visit. That’s a primary principle of One KP, which sets the goal of providing every health plan member with “the best experience, everywhere, every time.”

“Our members and customers believe—rightfully so—that we know how to operate as one organization,” says Bernard J. Tyson, KP’s chairman and CEO, “and that whatever we learn about the best ways to care for people in one geographic area…is available to all of our 9.6 million members.”

Best practices occur at all levels and in all departments. In Colorado, for example, the Regional Lab unit-based team tackled the issue of standardizing labels. Even a simple mistake—putting a label on crooked—can adversely affect patient care. The team is creating visual aids and tip sheets that will spread to 28 locations by this fall.

“This is a problem people have had to deal with for years and are passionate about fixing,” says Beth Fisher, a medical technologist, member of UFCW Local 7 and sponsor for the regional lab team.

Spreading practices takes effort from both sides. At Virginia’s Burke Medical Center, a project launched by the Primary Care team four years ago has sustained its success in helping patients with hypertension get their blood pressure under control—and the team has helped other facilities in Northern Virginia adopt the practice.

“If it works for us, it will work for other people,” says the Burke team’s lead nurse, Angela N. Williams-Edwards, RN, a UFCW Local 400 member. “Other teams saw it was easy and ran with it.”

Kaiser Permanente and the Coalition of Kaiser Permanente Unions have reached a formal agreement that ensures the safety and compensation of KP employees involved in caring for patients with the Ebola virus.

The agreement, reached December 15, 2014, clarifies questions coalition unions had about the engagement and protection of their members who may encounter or care for a patient with Ebola. It codifies standards outlined by the Centers for Disease Control around protective protocols and equipment. It also outlines training and support provided to employees, including for employees who may be unable to work during an isolation period for a possible Ebola exposure.

Safeguarding workers and patients

“As health care workers, we’re used to putting our patients first,” said Ken Deitz, president of United Nurses Associations of California (UNAC). “Because Ebola is an infectious disease, to maintain patient safety we also had to ensure our own safety.”

The parties came to agreement quickly and with little disagreement, with conversations focused on clarifying the practices KP facilities already are doing as outlined by Centers for Disease Control guidelines.

Union and KP leaders say it reflects their desire to work together—and to continue to focus on educating, protecting and preparing employees who may come in contact with Ebola patients.

“By working together, we have ensured that employees are prepared to care for patients with Ebola while keeping themselves and their colleagues protected from infection,” said Kathy Gerwig, vice president of Employee Safety, Health and Wellness for KP.

Education, training and protection

Specific provisions of the agreement include:

• All employees with the potential to interact with, treat, or do cleaning or waste handling for suspected Ebola patients will receive paid time for education and training in such areas as Ebola signs and symptoms; care and treatment; proper donning and doffing of personal protective equipment; proper cleaning of treatment rooms or areas; and proper disposal of the patient’s body fluids and wastes.
• Employees in key treatment or intake areas will receive sufficient personal protective equipment supplies.
• Ebola treatment teams would be staffed by volunteers. If there are not enough volunteers, local KP and union leaders would identify team members.
• If a coalition union-represented employee cannot work, or receives care as a result of work-related exposure to Ebola, the employee will receive paid time off, and all medical costs will be covered through workers’ compensation.

Read the agreement.