Total Health and Workplace Safety

Our bodies metabolize the excessive sugar in processed foods just as it processes alcohol and other toxins, causing damage to our liver and other organs.

Sugar makes us more likely to develop a variety of risk factors that lead to serious illness, while making us crave sweet even more.

In fact, sugar causes a cycle of addiction in the brain in much the same way as drugs and alcohol—and cigarettes. When it comes to addictiveness, nicotine takes the, um, cake.

Physicians at the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), led by outspoken pediatric endocrinologist Robert Lustig, MD, published a paper in February in the journal Nature showing that like alcohol and tobacco, sugar is a toxic, addictive substance. They argue that it should, therefore, be closely regulated, with taxes, laws on where and to whom it can be advertised and age-restricted sales. The researchers said that increased global consumption of sugar is primarily responsible for a whole range of chronic diseases that are reaching epidemic levels around the world.

Is sugar—so pervasive in processed foods, soda and junk food in general—the new tobacco? Let’s see.                                    

It can kill you.

If Lustig and his colleagues—and many other independent researchers—are even half right, sugar and junk food have been responsible for millions of preventable deaths. According to journalist Eric Schlosser, author of “Fast Food Nation” and the children’s book “Chew on This,” poor diet and lack of exercise may soon surpass smoking as the No. 1 cause of preventable death.

People make huge amounts of money by selling it.

Remember how long the tobacco industry denied the link between tobacco, advertising, and lung cancer and heart disease? We are hearing the same protestations from the processed food industry today. Don’t buy it!

Schlosser, a keynote speaker at the 2012 Union Delegates Conference, recounts how McDonald’s was built. Founder Ray Kroc discovered that profits were higher when kids ate out with their parents. So he lured children in with lollipops. Later, he added a clown. Today, fast food chains hire child psychologists, hold focus groups for toddlers and put 5-year-olds in MRI machines to see which part of their brain is responsible for brand loyalty.

“Think about the profit margin in a soda,” Schlosser says. The raw materials are water, food coloring, sugar and a paper cup. Nutritional value: less than zero. Cost to produce: pennies. Now there’s a profit margin!

It’s not hard to figure out why people are hesitant to speak up at work. Offering a suggestion for improvement or pointing out when you think something isn’t right exposes a person to any number of possible responses—many of them unpleasant.

There’s the sarcastic retort. There’s the deafening silence. There’s the reply, pointing out exactly why you’re wrong, delivered in the nicest of tones but carrying an unmistakable edge of one-upsmanship. Who needs it? Who wants to create waves and risk a good job?

But when we don’t speak up, we put health and happiness at risk. As Doug Bonacum, Kaiser Permanente’s vice president of quality, safety and resource management, says in this issue’s cover story, speaking up “is mission critical for worker and patient safety.”

In addition to the moral imperative of protecting people from injury, there’s a strong economic incentive for speaking up. Improvement doesn’t typically come from a single person’s great idea—it comes from people sharing ideas. And we at KP have to keep improving, finding ways to deliver care as good as or better than we deliver now with fewer dollars per member. Our future depends on it.  

Since we get good at what we practice, we each have to practice speaking up. Practice means starting with lots of baby steps—don’t tackle the high-stakes stuff first! And let’s practice being good listeners, too, providing the space that lets others speak up safely.

The Labor Management Partnership and unit-based teams provide the framework for transforming what Bonacum calls a “culture of fear” around speaking up. But with that framework in place, it’s still up to each and every one of us to find the courage to address the immediate, particular obstacles that keep us silent.

An imaginary friend of mine smokes, is decidedly chunky, and has high blood pressure and high cholesterol. His kids nag him about the cigarettes and weight; his wife worries more about the hidden conditions.

This fellow could be any one of many of us, and if he wanted to track his efforts to improve his health, he could use the “cloverleaf” graphic introduced in this issue of Hank—a visual summary of the four measures of health at the heart of the new Total Health Incentive Plan.

The cloverleaf has a lot in common with the Value Compass, which illustrates the interconnectedness of service, quality, affordability and the workplace environment. The Value Compass reminds us that improving in one area at the expense of another isn’t progress—and that improving in one area frequently leads to improvements in other areas.

So it is with health. If I take up smoking and have a cigarette each time I’m tempted to eat something sweet, I may improve my Body Mass Index, or BMI—but I won’t have improved my health. If my imaginary friend starts to make better food choices and ups his exercise, however, he’s likely to see improvement across the spectrum of health issues he’s facing. By measuring improvement in several areas, the new incentive plan puts the emphasis on bringing the whole person into better balance.

And by putting the focus on collective improvement, the plan recognizes that all of us are making decisions as individuals in a social system—a system that can make it harder, or easier, to make better choices. Losing the dougnuts at a breakfast meeting may seem like a small gesture, but many such gestures add up to powerful change.

Colorado

The new Lone Tree Specialty Care Medical Office, a 25-acre campus, boasts outdoor patios, picturesque mountain views and a walkway around the perimeter of the building. The facility, which opened in December 2013, was awarded a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Silver certification by the United States Green Building Council. Lone Tree, which is near a light rail line, used recycled materials, water-wise fixtures and shading devices for balancing solar heat to win the LEED designation. The facility has nearly 350 employees and 45 physicians to take care of the 3,000 ambulatory surgeries and 3,000 minor procedures expected per year.

Georgia

What happens when two nurses from two different high-performing UBTs transfer to the same brand-new Level 1 team? That team zooms to a Level 4 in only 10 months. Jane Baxter and Ingrid Baillie, both RNs, had been UBT co-leads at the Crescent and Cumberland medical centers, respectively, and then joined the Ob/Gyn staff at Alpharetta. Drawing on their experience—at different times, they each have been UFCW Local 1996 members and members of management—they helped their new UBT move up through the Path to Performance. “We knew the steps in the process and what to expect,” says Baxter. Their advice to fledging teams: Start with small performance improvement projects in areas that clearly are Kaiser Permanente priorities and that already have lots of data collected.

Hawaii

Nurses on the 1-West Medical-Surgical unit-based team at Moanalua Medical Center vastly improved how well they educate patients about medications, moving from about 40 percent of surveyed patients saying they understood side effects and other aspects of their prescriptions to 96 percent reporting this awareness. Between April and December 2013, the RNs, who are members of the Hawaii Nurses’ Association (HNA), made notations on patient room whiteboards, rounded hourly and did daily teach-backs on every shift. The team members designed a three-day survey for a sampling of patients to report what they understood about side effects of their medicine. The survey provided speedier feedback than waiting more than three months for HCAHPS (Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) scores.

Mid-Atlantic States

A Nephrology team at Tysons Corner Medical Center in Virginia helped patients prevent or manage chronic kidney disease by getting them into the classroom. Just 70 percent of the unit’s patients at risk of renal failure were enrolling in KP disease management classes in February 2013. But several successful tests of change boosted at-risk patient enrollment in March to 100 percent, where it has remained since. The team noted on individual patient charts if the member suffered chronic kidney disease, developed scripting for in-person coaching, mailed class invitations to patients’ homes and handed out class agendas with after-visit summaries.

Northern California

The Modesto Pediatrics UBT improved wait times for immunizations—and not only increased service scores but also reduced overtime costs, an example of how a change can affect an entire system. The team reduced patient waits for immunizations from 45 minutes to 15 minutes between June and August 2013 and maintained the improvement through the rest of the year. A workflow change was key to the dramatic reduction. When a patient is ready for an injection, physicians now copy the orders to a nursing in-box instead of searching for a licensed vocational nurse to give the shot. The half-hour reduction in wait times—which is credited with improving service scores from 86 percent to 95 percent—also reduced the need for LVN overtime by an hour a day, resulting in savings of more than $16,600 over six months. 

Northwest

The regional Employee Health and Safety department won KP’s “Engaging the Frontline” National Workplace Safety Award. Through the Northwest’s Safety Committee Challenge, facilities had to complete a rigorous set of tasks, including regularly scheduled safety meetings, joint planning with NW Permanente and Permanente Dental Associates, safety conversation training, awareness plans and a safety promotion event during the year. Of the 16 facilities that rose to the challenge, nine met all of the qualifications. The region ended the year with a 4 percent reduction in accepted claims compared with 2013. Leonard Hayes, regional EVS manager, won the individual award for his work, which contributed to the East service area’s EVS team going injury-free for the last four years.

Southern California

The regional LMP council has set a 2014 Performance Sharing Program (PSP) goal to power up unit-based teams’ achievements on improving affordability. When at least 50 percent of a medical center’s UBTs complete a project that saves money or improves revenue capture—and if the region meets its financial goals—eligible employees and managers there will get a boost in their bonus. “Imagine how powerful it will be to have a majority of unit-based teams achieving measurable cost-savings and revenue-capture improvements,” says Josh Rutkoff, a national coordinator for the Coalition of Kaiser Permanente Unions. “The idea is to take all the strong work on affordability at the front line to a whole new level.”

Colorado

More than 60 trained champions are helping to motivate co-workers in their facilities to live a healthy lifestyle. Employees, managers and physicians are taking part in health fairs, 5Ks, healthy potlucks and Instant Recess™ sessions throughout the region. The region is also participating in the Spring Into Summer Challenge, a program-wide, team-based KP Walk activity to encourage walking during the longer daylight hours. Teams are forming with people of all fitness levels, especially employees who aren’t normally active. “Any change toward a healthy lifestyle is a success,” says Susan Mindoro, Total Health labor liaison for UFCW Local 7.

Georgia

The Southwood Specialties gastrointestinal UBT in Georgia increased efficiency and saved money by scheduling contract physicians, patients and nurses more strategically. The department handles both anesthesia cases (which require a physician to perform) and also sedations (which can be done by nurses). This Level 4 team figured out how to schedule contract physicians for four days a week instead of five by tracking which patients needed what level of care—making the most efficient use of a very expensive resource. The project required agreement, communication and coordination between the GI providers and teams at four KP clinics in Georgia to schedule their cases accordingly. The project saved $113,000 between April 2013 and January 2014.

Hawaii

After the nurses at Hawaii’s Ambulatory Surgery and Recovery unit created a brochure that standardized the information given to members during their visits, patients have a better understanding of wait times, department hours, visiting hours, where to get parking validated and the location of key departments. The team surveyed selected patients three times from October 2012 to April 2014. Team members tweaked information in the brochure based on feedback, says Maria Scheidt, an RN and member of the Hawaii Nurses Association, OPEIU Local 50. After the first survey, 70 percent of patients reported they received and understood the brochure. After the second survey, 90 percent said they understood it. By the third survey, the nurses had successfully educated 95 percent of patients.

Mid-Atlantic States

From Virginia to Maryland to Washington, D.C., nutritionists in UBTs identified children at risk for obesity and recruited them for Kaiser Permanente’s Healthy Living for Kids and Families course. Piloted in Northern Virginia, the project tracks the success of 11- to 14-year-old patients in establishing healthy eating habits, increasing daily activity and bolstering self-esteem. By drinking less soda or juice, exercising each day and curbing television viewing, a third of participating children at one medical center lost an average of 5.8 pounds in three months. Team members credit their partnership with pediatricians and the families for the results. 

Northern California

The region’s new Real-Time Attendance Estimator does what no other tool has done before: It projects into the future. The tool lets a cost center see how sick day use is affecting its ability to meet its year-end attendance goal by calculating the number of sick days that could be taken in an upcoming pay period without derailing progress toward that goal. If the number of sick days being taken needs to be reduced to meet the goal, the estimator shows that, too. The information is shown as a signal light—easy to print out and post.

Northwest

Fifty-eight percent of staff members in the Northwest who are eligible for the Total Health Incentive have taken the Total Health Assessment—one of the highest participation rates program-wide. Members of unit-based teams are finding ways to help cover each other so they have time to take the assessment. Managers are backing the effort, which is a key step in earning the incentive. “Since the UBT agreed that the THA would be a project, I supported folks completing the assessment during work time since it is work- and goal-related,” says Jason Curl, department administrator for Primary Care at Tualatin Medical Office. 

Southern California

The region’s Jobs of the Future Committee has assigned four subgroups to identify trends in technology and innovative care delivery methods. The subgroups are inpatient nursing, ambulatory nursing/primary care, laboratory and diagnostic imaging. Each is led by labor and management partners. The groups are researching the impact of innovations on today’s jobs and making recommendations regarding training and recruitment of the workforce of the future to best support these initiatives. Work already is starting, for instance, at the South Bay Medical Center, which is exploring new staffing models as part of its plan to open a mini-medical office building—which is in turn part of the larger Reimagining Ambulatory Design initiative. In Kern County, UFCW has collaborated with management on a mobile health van project to optimize staffing for this creative way to deliver care.

Colorado

When the region revamped how it assesses unit-based teams’ Path to Performance rankings in 2014, some teams dropped down on the five-point scale. But the National Agreement and the region’s Performance Sharing Plan motivate teams to reach high performance, and UBTs are rallying around the more objective and accurate evaluation method. The downgrades are proving to be temporary. One Level 5 team is the Cardiology department at the Franklin Medical Office, which improved access by streamlining the referral review process for patients.

Georgia

Musicians aren’t the only ones who go on tour. Loretta Sirmons, a Total Health labor lead, and Tracie Hawkins-Simpson, a contract specialist, who are both members of UFCW Local 1996, hit the road to encourage people to complete the Total Health Assessment. They were joined by their business representative, Louise Dempsey, and Russell Wise, the Coalition of Kaiser Permanente Unions national coordinator for Georgia. “We blitzed the facilities,” Wise says. “For those who hadn’t taken the THA, we explained its importance.” They visited during the work day, dropped in on farmers markets and held cyber cafés. Wise credits the collaboration for increasing regional participation in the THA: In May, it stood at 37 percent. By September, it had increased to 63 percent.

Hawaii

The Hawaii region is partnering with 25 local labor trusts to enhance its members’ benefits and build loyalty to Kaiser Permanente. The new benefit, called Well Rx Hawaii, makes drugs for high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes available free of charge for enrolled members. “Union leaders like it because it shows the value they bring to their members,” says Harris Nakamoto, KP’s director of labor and trust sales for Hawaii. “We like it because it emphasizes the strength of KP's integrated delivery system—and helps members with chronic conditions save money and stay healthier.” KP is funding the program through expected savings in future medical costs and is tracking enrolled members’ compliance with medication, follow-up care and any decrease in emergency room visits or hospital stays.

Mid-Atlantic States

The supply closets for the Physical Therapy department at the Woodlawn Medical Center in Maryland were “in disarray,” admits Dexter Alleyne, materials coordinator and member of OPEIU Local 2. “The overabundance of supplies was money not being used.” Using the 6S method, the inventory operations team took responsibility for the closets—organizing them and setting par levels while preparing to use OneLink for ordering supplies. The team created a spreadsheet for surplus supplies and sent an “up for grabs” email to colleagues at its own medical center and beyond, says Jennifer Hodges, inventory operations supervisor for the Baltimore area. Purging four closets over the summer is yielding savings. The team plans to spread the success throughout Woodlawn and to three nearby medical centers.

Northern California

Concerned by the slow pace of growth in the number of high-performing unit-based teams in the first part of 2014, both the Northern and Southern California regions piloted a SWAT team approach to accelerate the development of Level 4 and 5 teams. The results were impressive. In June, Northern California temporarily reassigned UBT consultants and union partnership representatives from high-performing service areas to assist the consultants and UPRs working in three struggling service areas. As a result, from June to September 2014, the region moved 42 UBTs in the targeted service areas to Levels 4 and 5, out of a total of 90 teams that moved up to high-performing status. During the same period in 2013, 15 UBTs had become Level 4 and 5 teams in those same areas.

Northwest

The Northwest is the only KP region to offer dental services to health plan members—and its dental program is celebrating its 40th anniversary. The idea for the program, which launched in 1974, came from Mitch Greenlick, then director of the Center for Health Research, KP’s medical research unit. Today, Greenlick is a state representative in Oregon—and more than 800 KP dental staff and dentists provide more than 234,000 people with dental care and coverage. The program is home to 19 unit-based teams, almost all of them high performing. Sunset Dental UBT reduced unfilled appointments by creating a wait list and calling patients when a spot opened up. Unfilled appointments improved by 22 percent in 2013, and team members have sustained the result. Get some quick facts and figures on the dental program.

Southern California

Taking a SWAT team approach to boost the number of high-performing unit-based teams, Southern California concentrated resources on several strategically selected facilities. By October, the percentage of UBTs at Levels 4 and 5 was 59 percent, up from 34 percent in January. A key component of the approach was hiring seven new union partnership representatives, including Elsie Balov, an SEIU-UHW member who is aiding teams at the South Bay Medical Center. “It is really important that labor is helping with this work,” Balov says. “We are pulled from the front line to help, so we know the obstacles and the challenges and can work with the UBT consultants on those.

Colorado

The Metabolic Surgical Weight Management unit-based team at the Franklin Medical Office is saving money and improving efficiency by reducing unnecessary lab tests for patients. The team researched current literature and discovered that its process was not adding value to patient care. As a result, the team went from 40 to 50 tests each day to 10 to 12 a day, saving more than $700,000 in one year. The project helped propel the team from a Level 1 to a Level 5 on the Path to Performance. The team won the UBT Value Compass Award for the first quarter of 2015.

Georgia

When the Georgia region sought to promote compliance initiatives while engaging frontline workers, it copied an idea from an existing regional program. “We already have workplace safety champions, so we mirrored what they did to birth this little baby,” says Kim King, fraud control, privacy and security officer. As of December 2014, each of Georgia’s 30 medical centers and its medical records facility boast a compliance champion on site. The goal is to increase under-standing of possible compliance lapses, such as an unlocked door or allowing an unknown person into restricted areas. “Frontline staff—and the majority are union representatives—raise awareness and do monthly walkthroughs of the facilities,” says King.

Hawaii

After she helped set up a network of safety champions at the Moanalua Medical Center and medical offices in the Hawaii region, registered nurse Christy Borton won the individual award for Creating a Safer Workplace at Kaiser Permanente’s Workplace Safety Summit in late February. Borton, the workplace safety co-lead and a member of HNA OPEIU Local 50, is mobilizing colleagues around the region’s renewed focus on safety conversations and safety walk-arounds. Frontline staff share safety tips via a weekly safety newsletter. She also is working with the Safe Patient Handling Committee to spread the use of HoverMatts, which help prevent injuries to both patients and employees.

Mid-Atlantic States

Workplace safety leaders in the Mid-Atlantic States region are committed to investigating incidents in partnership. Ensuring that a labor representative can meet soon after an employee injury was a key to the boost seen over the last several months. In January, 89 percent of incident investigations were performed in partnership, a 10 percent increase over December and significantly better than in October, when fewer than 70 percent were investigated in partnership. Another improvement is that incidents were reported in an average of four days in January compared to an average of eight days in December. “If we don’t keep ourselves and each other safe, we won’t be there for our patients to provide the care they deserve,” says Samantha D. Unkelbach, RN, the labor lead for Workplace Safety/Integrated Disability Management for the Baltimore area and a member of UFCW Local 27.

Northern California

Before moving to a new facility in San Leandro, members of the Pulmonary Sleep Services Center in Hayward took action to raise their patient satisfaction scores from the bottom third to upper third. They asked patients what needed to improve and even visited some members at home. By listening, the unit-based team identified nearly 50 points of confusion patients face from the moment they arrive for treatment to when they go home. From February to August 2014, the UBT began letting patients return diagnostic equipment at their own convenience and staggered lunch breaks to ensure that patients could receive respiratory therapy around the clock. These changes helped transform the team from a Level 1 to a Level 4 on the Path to Performance.

Northwest

Building on the region’s success in exceeding the goal of 75 percent completion of the Total Health Assessment in 2014, Total Health leaders are taking more steps to create a culture of wellness. Cynthia Beaulieu, the region’s Total Health labor lead and an OFNHP member, along with her management partner Lauren Whyte, employee wellness consultant, work with unit-based teams to celebrate team approaches to health. They round on teams with leaders to acknowledge and learn from team efforts. One fun project was collecting “healthy selfies” to showcase on the region’s internet site. Beaulieu and Whyte are encouraging the more than 300 employees who submitted photos to share them on social media using the hashtag #KPHealthie.

Southern California

The region is adding a new dimension to its popular and effective reward and recognition program for inpatient Medical/Surgical and Maternal Child Health unit-based teams: a special award for teams that sustain their strong service scores for an entire year. For the performance year that recently ended, winners were Anaheim Medical Center for Maternal Child Health and Woodland Hills 4 West for Med-Surg. After celebrating their achievements, the teams are expected to help spread their successful practices to their peers at their own facilities and region-wide. Strategies they are considering are a one-day conference with presentations by the winning teams, hosting visits from other UBT co-leads, and monthly webinars.