Efficient processes

Do you doubt you can lead changes that make Kaiser Permanente a better—and safer—place to give and get care?

A small group of nurses at the San Diego Medical Center showed that leading change is, in fact, part of their job.

Brittni Demers, RN, and three of her colleagues spearheaded a successful effort to reduce needlestick injuries, and now their expertise is being tapped throughout Kaiser Permanente to bring the voice of frontline workers to safety initiatives.

Demers, a member of UNAC/UHCP, is on KP’s National Sharps Safety Committee. It is one of the many sourcing and standards teams that advises KP on everything the organization buys—and it is the only one with union representation. As such, it gives the caregivers who actually use needles, scalpels and other sharps a way to influence purchasing decisions. It also impacts workplace safety and tools workers use every day.

From July to December 2013, a huge remodeling project at the hospital shut down two medical-surgical units, leaving several nurses temporarily without anywhere to work. Demers and RNs Jessica Heffern, Leanne Vitacco and Lucas Pepin got together to tackle a problem that had been concerning them: needle and sharps injuries. By July 2014, the team’s project had led to an astounding 76 percent decrease in needlestick injuries in inpatient nursing units. There were similar improvements for all sharps injuries throughout the San Diego service area.

Here’s what the team did:

Peer-to-peer training

Only two years out of nursing school, Demers quickly saw that “real life” didn’t always comport with what she had learned in her classes. “You go to school, you learn correct techniques, then you go into a hospital and it’s different,” she says. “People like doing things their way.” The team devised a quick refresher for nurses, by nurses, that emphasized what the evidence and research said about safe needle handling. The nurses traveled from unit to unit in the hospital, and to some outlying clinics, to make their case. “When you emphasize safety—our own and the patients’—and provide the supplies, then people will do it,” she says.

“The peer-to-peer approach was effective because the team understood the nurses’ day-to-day concerns,” says Mark Trask, the director of environmental health and safety in San Diego. “There is empathy and understanding, which allows for more dialogue.” In addition, because the trainers were registered nurses, they could spell other nurses for the 10-minute refresher. More than 700 nurses, physicians and lab techs took the training.

Standardize supplies

While demonstrating safe needles to other units, the team members often would hear, “Oh, we don’t have that one.” So they got to work standardizing the needles throughout the medical center. “We went through every single medication room,” says Demers. “They became supply chain experts,” says Trask. By adjusting the types and amounts of equipment, they also reduced waste and saved money.

Share expertise

These nurses now participate in incident investigations when there is a needlestick injury, which is an important part of the region’s workplace safety program. Plans are in the works to spread the training to primary care departments in the ambulatory setting.

Identify resources

Demers’ participation on the National Sharps Safety Committee extended her reach system-wide. The committee field tests safety sharps in every KP region to identify products that most effectively prevent injuries. Based on user feedback, the committee selects the highest-rated safety sharps as KP’s national standard.

Why did the four frontline nurses step up? For Demers, the answer is easy: “You have to be focused on safety when you have a needle in your hand.”

The Molecular and Cytology Lab unit-based teams in Stapleton, Colorado, were facing a challenging trifecta. Increased membership, changes in guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and slow work processes made it tough to quickly process two widely used tests.

Membership in the Colorado region has grown by more than 60,000 members since 2013 in part because of the Affordable Care Act. Total membership in the region is now at its highest ever, with more than 600,000 members. The influx of new members is a strain on the system, and teams are digging in deeply to meet those members’ needs, from the first point of contact in the medical office to the last encounter as they pick up their prescriptions on the way out.

The lab teams are feeling the pressure, too—especially since they also process samples for the Georgia region, which is expected to grow, and they still do some work for facilities in the former Ohio region, which was sold to another health plan last year.

“We knew there would be an increase in the number of tests we would be doing. We also knew that our process was very labor intensive,” says Roxanne Whitesides, the Molecular and Specialty Testing manager. “Already this year, we’ve increased our workload 10 percent because of an increase in membership.”

Preventive care approach

The screens in question are for the human papillomavirus (HPV) and the Papanicolaou (Pap) test. Both detect disease at an early stage when treatment is highly effective, and so are central to Kaiser Permanente’s preventive care approach. As of June this year, the Molecular and Cytology teams—each of which has a role in processing the screens—already had processed 23,300 Pap screens and 16,800 HPV screens.

Meanwhile, CDC guidelines on HPV were revised in recent years and now recommend that women age 30 to 64 have an HPV screening and that girls as young as 11 receive the vaccine. The agency says HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. Some strains can cause cancer, and the CDC says about 21,000 of the HPV-related cancers each year could be prevented by the vaccine.

Because of the changed recommendations, even before the enrollment jump, the labs were seeing an increase in the number of HPV screens they processed. In 2012, the labs processed 650 HPV screens a month. By this spring, the monthly average had more than quadrupled: the average for March, April and May 2014 was 2,800 per month. In May alone, 3,354 samples were processed.

Labor-intensive processes

The final hurdle the teams faced was that their processes were labor intensive, requiring significant hands-on time from the technician. There was frequent back and forth between the Cytology and Molecular departments, which caused delays and interruptions. The complex work processes added to the pressure of the growing workload and caused frustration and tension.

The teams began an intensive study of what other labs were doing, including researching the latest technology. They visited other sites and vendors and decided to go with a cutting-edge Roche instrument. The pathologists—who work closely with the labs—supported getting the new equipment, and the lease was fast-tracked for installation. The instrument was in place within two months.

At that point, the teams set to work to figure out how their processes would change with the new equipment.

Cross-training provides insights

“We trained each other on the new equipment and on the processes within the two departments,” said Luann Martin, a cytology technologist, UFCW Local 7 member and co-lead of the Cytology unit-based team. “I could appreciate things going on in both departments.”

The collaboration between the Molecular and Cytology departments enabled them to improve their work processes and interactions—and ensured that as one problem was fixed, another wasn’t created.

“It’s important to keep talking. People have different expectations and comfort levels,” says Beth Fisher, a medical technologist, UFCW Local 7 member and co-lead of the Molecular UBT. “Be patient with one another,” says Melissa Baca, a cytologist lab assistant, SEIU Local 105 member and union co-lead of the Cytology UBT.

Most important, Fisher says, the new equipment is enabling the teams to meet the growing demand.

“The big payoff is that we're able to process all those HPV samples in less than half the time it used to take, so we've been able to absorb the workload increase with no new staff,” she says. “And we're able to identify the HPV strains that are most linked with cervical cancer as part of the initial screening. That saves money, because we don't have to send out all the positives for additional testing.”

As more and more unit-based teams answer the call to improve affordability for health plan members, they are finding new tools that can help manage their cost-improvement projects.

One such tool, a handy spreadsheet, can help teams track and report their cost savings.

Teams track own savings

Developed by UBT consultants and financial analysts in Colorado and later adopted by UBTs in the Northwest, the tool can help teams determine the economic benefits of a performance improvement project with little or no assistance from a consultant or sponsor.

“It’s a great add-on to teams’ reporting in UBT Tracker,” says Luanne Petricich, chief pharmacist, Pharmacy Professional Affairs, in Colorado and a sponsor of 12 UBTs in the region. “It can be a very impactful way for co-leads to show their teams and others what their savings were and how they achieved them.”

In addition, teams can now record their financial results directly into UBT Tracker thanks to a new data field, Annual ROI, that allows teams to share how much money a project saved or generated. The field can be found under the Project Details tab (see graphic below).

Click to enlarge.

Tool use spreads

Petricich sends the spreadsheet to any of her teams working on a cost-reduction or efficiency project to help them document their results.

One team that used the tool was the pharmacy UBT at Baseline Medical Offices in Boulder. The team had completed an inventory-reduction project that far surpassed its goal—which was to reduce its drug inventory by 10 percent, or $50,000, in three months. By adjusting order quantities to better match usage and returning overstocked medication to the mail order pharmacy for use before the expiration date, the team saved $143,000—nearly three times its original goal.

“It’s important to track your results, and this tool can help teams do that in a simple way,” says Don Larson, Baseline’s pharmacy supervisor. “It’s something we would use the next time we do a similar project.”